The Brihadeeshwara Temple in Thanjavur, also known as the Big Temple or Peruvudaiyar Kovil, is one of the grandest architectural marvels of India. Built in 1010 AD by the legendary Chola emperor Raja Raja Chola I, this temple is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and a shining symbol of Dravidian architecture.
A Masterpiece of Chola Architecture
Constructed entirely out of granite, the temple leaves visitors in awe with its towering vimana, which rises to an impressive 66 meters (216 ft). At its summit rests an 80-ton granite capstone, a feat of engineering brilliance even by today’s standards.
The sanctum houses a massive Shiva Lingam, while the entrance pavilion (Nandi Mandapa) holds a strikingly large Nandi statue carved from a single stone. Every corner of the temple complex narrates the glorious history, power, and vision of the Cholas.
Entrances and Gateways
The temple complex is accessed through multiple gateways:
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Maratha Entrance – Built later during Maratha rule for direct access from the palace.
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Keralantakan Tiruvasal – Named after Raja Raja Chola’s title “Keralantakan.”
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Rajarajan Tiruvasal – The grand main entrance, symbolizing the might of Raja Raja Chola.
Shrines and Mandapas
Apart from the main sanctum, the complex has several important shrines and structures:
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Chandikeswarar Shrine – Dedicated to Shiva’s devoted attendant.
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Subramanya Shrine – With finely carved sculptures, built during the Nayak period.
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Karuvurar Shrine – Honoring the saint Karuvurar, who guided Raja Raja Chola.
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Ganesha Shrine – A simple yet sacred space for Lord Ganesha.
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Amman Shrine – Dedicated to Brihannayaki, consort of Lord Shiva.
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Nataraja Mandapa (Sabhapathi Mandapa) – A hall with Nataraja idol, symbolizing cosmic dance.
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Cloister Mandapam – A long pillared corridor, adorned with inscriptions, murals, and stories of Chola history.
A Living Monument
The temple is not just a place of worship but was once a center for art, music, and dance. Even today, rituals and festivals continue, carrying forward traditions over a thousand years old. When illuminated at night, the temple and its surroundings offer a mesmerizing experience that leaves every visitor spellbound.
Why You Should Visit
A visit to the Brihadeeshwara Temple is not just a spiritual journey but also a dive into India’s rich cultural and architectural heritage. It’s a must-visit destination for history lovers, architecture enthusiasts, and travelers seeking to experience the timeless grandeur of the Cholas.
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